For each cube there are up to 48 equivalent cubes, because the cube has 48 symmetries including reflections. In Cube Explorer, these 48 symmetries are generated by four "basic" symmetries:
S_URF3, a 120 degree turn of the cube around an axis through the URF-corner and DBL-corner,
S_F2, a 180 degree turn of the cube around an axis through the F-center and B-center,
S_U4, a 90 degree turn of the cube around an axis through the U-center and the D-center
S_LR2, a reflection at the RL-slice plane.
These basic symmetries are permutations of the corners and permutations of the edges and are described in cubedefs.htm.
Any of the 48 symmetries is uniquely generated by the product
(S_URF3)x1 * (S_F2)x2 * (S_U4)x3 * (S_LR2)x4
with x1 from 0..2, x2 from 0..1, x3 from 0..3 and x4 from 0..1. This tuple (x1,x2,x3,x4) is mapped to a natural number from 0..47 by
16*x1 + 8*x2 + 2*x3 + x4
In this way each of the symmetries has an associated index from 0..47. With S(i) we denote the symmetry which belongs to the index i.
Two cubes with the permutations A and B are equivalent if and only if there is an i with
S(i)-1*A*S(i) = B
All cubes which are equivalent, belong to the same equivalence class.
In Cube Explorer the S(i) are implemented in the arrays CornSym and EdgeSym in the unit symmetries.pas
原帖由 大烟头 于 2011-7-14 08:39 发表
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楼主所说魔方的48同态,这48种状态根本就不是同个一状态,我是不知道英文中是否也是称为“同态”,这种把这48个状态看成一个集合,应该是为了计算机计算魔方最少步时减少些计算量。
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