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说明
本贴从1x3x3魔方的初始状态出发,通过对R、L、F、B四个基本操作的跟踪,以及从魔方的各种循环入手,得出192个状态之间的关系图;
另外,通过使用“对状态进行分组”的方法,不断扩大魔方状态的基本单元,最终得到了各个状态组之间的拓扑关系。
本文为 魔方吧·noski 原创,转载请保留此段。
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1x3x3魔方共有192个状态,这192个状态列表见东方的帖子的19楼:
【東方】有关1*3*3的最远步数,平均还原步数,全部状态数。。。
http://bbs.mf8-china.com/viewthread.php?tid=32990
那么,这192个状态之间,是什么样的关系呢?
虽然在该帖子的第82楼,我给出了1x3x3状态图的一部分,但这样仍不能了解整个192状态的最终形态。
所以我把思路在这个帖子中贴出来,大家继续讨论!
这些“跟踪循环”、“状态分组”等方法,是画一个魔方状态图的最基本方法,希望大家能够用这些方法来画出更多魔方的状态图!
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附:1x3x3魔方的192个状态及其代数列表
Generation 0: 1: (G:0) (N: 36) [C:(0,1,2,3) E:(0,0,0,0)]
min=2, max=5, New Generation=4
[From( 1),do R.] 2: (G:1) (N: 551) [C:(3,1,2,0) E:(0,0,0,1)]
[From( 1),do L.] 3: (G:1) (N: 152) [C:(0,2,1,3) E:(0,1,0,0)]
[From( 1),do F.] 4: (G:1) (N: 308) [C:(0,1,3,2) E:(0,0,1,0)]
[From( 1),do B.] 5: (G:1) (N: 97) [C:(1,0,2,3) E:(1,0,0,0)]
min=6, max=15, New Generation=10
[From( 2),do L.] 6: (G:2) (N: 667) [C:(3,2,1,0) E:(0,1,0,1)]
[From( 2),do F.] 7: (G:2) (N: 775) [C:(3,1,0,2) E:(0,0,1,1)]
[From( 2),do B.] 8: (G:2) (N: 621) [C:(1,3,2,0) E:(1,0,0,1)]
[From( 3),do F.] 9: (G:2) (N: 440) [C:(0,2,3,1) E:(0,1,1,0)]
[From( 3),do B.] 10: (G:2) (N: 210) [C:(2,0,1,3) E:(1,1,0,0)]
[From( 4),do R.] 11: (G:2) (N: 822) [C:(2,1,3,0) E:(0,0,1,1)]
[From( 4),do L.] 12: (G:2) (N: 412) [C:(0,3,1,2) E:(0,1,1,0)]
[From( 4),do B.] 13: (G:2) (N: 369) [C:(1,0,3,2) E:(1,0,1,0)]
[From( 5),do R.] 14: (G:2) (N: 611) [C:(3,0,2,1) E:(1,0,0,1)]
[From( 5),do L.] 15: (G:2) (N: 201) [C:(1,2,0,3) E:(1,1,0,0)]
min=16, max=39, New Generation=24
[From( 6),do F.] 16: (G:3) (N: 907) [C:(3,2,0,1) E:(0,1,1,1)]
[From( 6),do B.] 17: (G:3) (N: 734) [C:(2,3,1,0) E:(1,1,0,1)]
[From( 7),do R.] 18: (G:3) (N: 262) [C:(2,1,0,3) E:(0,0,1,0)]
[From( 7),do L.] 19: (G:3) (N: 915) [C:(3,0,1,2) E:(0,1,1,1)]
[From( 7),do B.] 20: (G:3) (N: 845) [C:(1,3,0,2) E:(1,0,1,1)]
[From( 8),do R.] 21: (G:3) (N: 108) [C:(0,3,2,1) E:(1,0,0,0)]
[From( 8),do L.] 22: (G:3) (N: 761) [C:(1,2,3,0) E:(1,1,0,1)]
[From( 9),do R.] 23: (G:3) (N: 953) [C:(1,2,3,0) E:(0,1,1,1)]
[From( 9),do L.] 24: (G:3) (N: 300) [C:(0,3,2,1) E:(0,0,1,0)]
[From( 9),do B.] 25: (G:3) (N: 498) [C:(2,0,3,1) E:(1,1,1,0)]
[From( 10),do R.] 26: (G:3) (N: 723) [C:(3,0,1,2) E:(1,1,0,1)]
[From( 10),do L.] 27: (G:3) (N: 70) [C:(2,1,0,3) E:(1,0,0,0)]
[From( 11),do L.] 28: (G:3) (N: 926) [C:(2,3,1,0) E:(0,1,1,1)]
[From( 11),do F.] 29: (G:3) (N: 518) [C:(2,1,0,3) E:(0,0,0,1)]
[From( 11),do B.] 30: (G:3) (N: 889) [C:(1,2,3,0) E:(1,0,1,1)]
[From( 12),do F.] 31: (G:3) (N: 172) [C:(0,3,2,1) E:(0,1,0,0)]
[From( 12),do B.] 32: (G:3) (N: 467) [C:(3,0,1,2) E:(1,1,1,0)]
[From( 13),do R.] 33: (G:3) (N: 882) [C:(2,0,3,1) E:(1,0,1,1)]
[From( 13),do L.] 34: (G:3) (N: 461) [C:(1,3,0,2) E:(1,1,1,0)]
[From( 14),do L.] 35: (G:3) (N: 715) [C:(3,2,0,1) E:(1,1,0,1)]
[From( 14),do F.] 36: (G:3) (N: 851) [C:(3,0,1,2) E:(1,0,1,1)]
[From( 14),do B.] 37: (G:3) (N: 556) [C:(0,3,2,1) E:(0,0,0,1)]
[From( 15),do F.] 38: (G:3) (N: 505) [C:(1,2,3,0) E:(1,1,1,0)]
[From( 15),do B.] 39: (G:3) (N: 134) [C:(2,1,0,3) E:(0,1,0,0)]
min=40, max=92, New Generation=53
[From( 16),do R.] 40: (G:4) (N: 393) [C:(1,2,0,3) E:(0,1,1,0)]
[From( 16),do L.] 41: (G:4) (N: 803) [C:(3,0,2,1) E:(0,0,1,1)]
[From( 16),do B.] 42: (G:4) (N: 974) [C:(2,3,0,1) E:(1,1,1,1)]
[From( 17),do R.] 43: (G:4) (N: 220) [C:(0,3,1,2) E:(1,1,0,0)]
[From( 17),do L.] 44: (G:4) (N: 630) [C:(2,1,3,0) E:(1,0,0,1)]
[From( 18),do L.] 45: (G:4) (N: 402) [C:(2,0,1,3) E:(0,1,1,0)]
[From( 18),do F.] 46: (G:4) (N: 54) [C:(2,1,3,0) E:(0,0,0,0)]
[From( 18),do B.] 47: (G:4) (N: 329) [C:(1,2,0,3) E:(1,0,1,0)]
[From( 19),do F.] 48: (G:4) (N: 675) [C:(3,0,2,1) E:(0,1,0,1)]
[From( 19),do B.] 49: (G:4) (N: 988) [C:(0,3,1,2) E:(1,1,1,1)]
[From( 20),do R.] 50: (G:4) (N: 334) [C:(2,3,0,1) E:(1,0,1,0)]
[From( 20),do L.] 51: (G:4) (N:1009) [C:(1,0,3,2) E:(1,1,1,1)]
[From( 21),do L.] 52: (G:4) (N: 248) [C:(0,2,3,1) E:(1,1,0,0)]
[From( 21),do F.] 53: (G:4) (N: 348) [C:(0,3,1,2) E:(1,0,1,0)]
[From( 21),do B.] 54: (G:4) (N: 35) [C:(3,0,2,1) E:(0,0,0,0)]
[From( 22),do F.] 55: (G:4) (N: 969) [C:(1,2,0,3) E:(1,1,1,1)]
[From( 22),do B.] 56: (G:4) (N: 694) [C:(2,1,3,0) E:(0,1,0,1)]
[From( 23),do L.] 57: (G:4) (N: 813) [C:(1,3,2,0) E:(0,0,1,1)]
[From( 23),do F.] 58: (G:4) (N: 649) [C:(1,2,0,3) E:(0,1,0,1)]
[From( 23),do B.] 59: (G:4) (N:1014) [C:(2,1,3,0) E:(1,1,1,1)]
[From( 24),do F.] 60: (G:4) (N: 28) [C:(0,3,1,2) E:(0,0,0,0)]
[From( 24),do B.] 61: (G:4) (N: 355) [C:(3,0,2,1) E:(1,0,1,0)]
[From( 26),do L.] 62: (G:4) (N: 583) [C:(3,1,0,2) E:(1,0,0,1)]
[From( 26),do F.] 63: (G:4) (N: 995) [C:(3,0,2,1) E:(1,1,1,1)]
[From( 26),do B.] 64: (G:4) (N: 668) [C:(0,3,1,2) E:(0,1,0,1)]
[From( 27),do F.] 65: (G:4) (N: 374) [C:(2,1,3,0) E:(1,0,1,0)]
[From( 27),do B.] 66: (G:4) (N: 9) [C:(1,2,0,3) E:(0,0,0,0)]
[From( 28),do F.] 67: (G:4) (N: 654) [C:(2,3,0,1) E:(0,1,0,1)]
[From( 28),do B.] 68: (G:4) (N: 987) [C:(3,2,1,0) E:(1,1,1,1)]
[From( 29),do R.] 69: (G:4) (N: 7) [C:(3,1,0,2) E:(0,0,0,0)]
[From( 29),do L.] 70: (G:4) (N: 658) [C:(2,0,1,3) E:(0,1,0,1)]
[From( 29),do B.] 71: (G:4) (N: 585) [C:(1,2,0,3) E:(1,0,0,1)]
[From( 30),do R.] 72: (G:4) (N: 376) [C:(0,2,3,1) E:(1,0,1,0)]
[From( 30),do L.] 73: (G:4) (N:1005) [C:(1,3,2,0) E:(1,1,1,1)]
[From( 31),do R.] 74: (G:4) (N: 685) [C:(1,3,2,0) E:(0,1,0,1)]
[From( 31),do L.] 75: (G:4) (N: 56) [C:(0,2,3,1) E:(0,0,0,0)]
[From( 31),do B.] 76: (G:4) (N: 227) [C:(3,0,2,1) E:(1,1,0,0)]
[From( 32),do R.] 77: (G:4) (N: 978) [C:(2,0,1,3) E:(1,1,1,1)]
[From( 32),do L.] 78: (G:4) (N: 327) [C:(3,1,0,2) E:(1,0,1,0)]
[From( 33),do F.] 79: (G:4) (N: 594) [C:(2,0,1,3) E:(1,0,0,1)]
[From( 33),do B.] 80: (G:4) (N: 824) [C:(0,2,3,1) E:(0,0,1,1)]
[From( 34),do F.] 81: (G:4) (N: 237) [C:(1,3,2,0) E:(1,1,0,0)]
[From( 34),do B.] 82: (G:4) (N: 391) [C:(3,1,0,2) E:(0,1,1,0)]
[From( 36),do R.] 83: (G:4) (N: 338) [C:(2,0,1,3) E:(1,0,1,0)]
[From( 36),do L.] 84: (G:4) (N: 967) [C:(3,1,0,2) E:(1,1,1,1)]
[From( 36),do B.] 85: (G:4) (N: 796) [C:(0,3,1,2) E:(0,0,1,1)]
[From( 37),do R.] 86: (G:4) (N: 45) [C:(1,3,2,0) E:(0,0,0,0)]
[From( 37),do L.] 87: (G:4) (N: 696) [C:(0,2,3,1) E:(0,1,0,1)]
[From( 38),do R.] 88: (G:4) (N:1016) [C:(0,2,3,1) E:(1,1,1,1)]
[From( 38),do L.] 89: (G:4) (N: 365) [C:(1,3,2,0) E:(1,0,1,0)]
[From( 38),do B.] 90: (G:4) (N: 438) [C:(2,1,3,0) E:(0,1,1,0)]
[From( 39),do R.] 91: (G:4) (N: 647) [C:(3,1,0,2) E:(0,1,0,1)]
[From( 39),do L.] 92: (G:4) (N: 18) [C:(2,0,1,3) E:(0,0,0,0)]
min=93, max=156, New Generation=64
[From( 40),do L.] 93: (G:5) (N: 289) [C:(1,0,2,3) E:(0,0,1,0)]
[From( 40),do F.] 94: (G:5) (N: 185) [C:(1,2,3,0) E:(0,1,0,0)]
[From( 40),do B.] 95: (G:5) (N: 454) [C:(2,1,0,3) E:(1,1,1,0)]
[From( 41),do F.] 96: (G:5) (N: 531) [C:(3,0,1,2) E:(0,0,0,1)]
[From( 41),do B.] 97: (G:5) (N: 876) [C:(0,3,2,1) E:(1,0,1,1)]
[From( 43),do L.] 98: (G:5) (N: 116) [C:(0,1,3,2) E:(1,0,0,0)]
[From( 43),do F.] 99: (G:5) (N: 492) [C:(0,3,2,1) E:(1,1,1,0)]
[From( 43),do B.] 100: (G:5) (N: 147) [C:(3,0,1,2) E:(0,1,0,0)]
[From( 44),do F.] 101: (G:5) (N: 838) [C:(2,1,0,3) E:(1,0,1,1)]
[From( 44),do B.] 102: (G:5) (N: 569) [C:(1,2,3,0) E:(0,0,0,1)]
[From( 45),do F.] 103: (G:5) (N: 178) [C:(2,0,3,1) E:(0,1,0,0)]
[From( 45),do B.] 104: (G:5) (N: 472) [C:(0,2,1,3) E:(1,1,1,0)]
[From( 46),do R.] 105: (G:5) (N: 564) [C:(0,1,3,2) E:(0,0,0,1)]
[From( 46),do L.] 106: (G:5) (N: 158) [C:(2,3,1,0) E:(0,1,0,0)]
[From( 46),do B.] 107: (G:5) (N: 121) [C:(1,2,3,0) E:(1,0,0,0)]
[From( 47),do R.] 108: (G:5) (N: 843) [C:(3,2,0,1) E:(1,0,1,1)]
[From( 47),do L.] 109: (G:5) (N: 481) [C:(1,0,2,3) E:(1,1,1,0)]
[From( 48),do R.] 110: (G:5) (N: 161) [C:(1,0,2,3) E:(0,1,0,0)]
[From( 48),do L.] 111: (G:5) (N: 523) [C:(3,2,0,1) E:(0,0,0,1)]
[From( 48),do B.] 112: (G:5) (N: 748) [C:(0,3,2,1) E:(1,1,0,1)]
[From( 49),do R.] 113: (G:5) (N: 478) [C:(2,3,1,0) E:(1,1,1,0)]
[From( 49),do L.] 114: (G:5) (N: 884) [C:(0,1,3,2) E:(1,0,1,1)]
[From( 50),do F.] 115: (G:5) (N: 94) [C:(2,3,1,0) E:(1,0,0,0)]
[From( 50),do B.] 116: (G:5) (N: 267) [C:(3,2,0,1) E:(0,0,1,0)]
[From( 51),do F.] 117: (G:5) (N: 737) [C:(1,0,2,3) E:(1,1,0,1)]
[From( 51),do B.] 118: (G:5) (N: 948) [C:(0,1,3,2) E:(0,1,1,1)]
[From( 53),do R.] 119: (G:5) (N: 862) [C:(2,3,1,0) E:(1,0,1,1)]
[From( 53),do L.] 120: (G:5) (N: 500) [C:(0,1,3,2) E:(1,1,1,0)]
[From( 53),do B.] 121: (G:5) (N: 275) [C:(3,0,1,2) E:(0,0,1,0)]
[From( 54),do R.] 122: (G:5) (N: 545) [C:(1,0,2,3) E:(0,0,0,1)]
[From( 54),do L.] 123: (G:5) (N: 139) [C:(3,2,0,1) E:(0,1,0,0)]
[From( 55),do R.] 124: (G:5) (N: 459) [C:(3,2,0,1) E:(1,1,1,0)]
[From( 55),do L.] 125: (G:5) (N: 865) [C:(1,0,2,3) E:(1,0,1,1)]
[From( 55),do B.] 126: (G:5) (N: 902) [C:(2,1,0,3) E:(0,1,1,1)]
[From( 56),do R.] 127: (G:5) (N: 180) [C:(0,1,3,2) E:(0,1,0,0)]
[From( 56),do L.] 128: (G:5) (N: 542) [C:(2,3,1,0) E:(0,0,0,1)]
[From( 57),do F.] 129: (G:5) (N: 525) [C:(1,3,0,2) E:(0,0,0,1)]
[From( 57),do B.] 130: (G:5) (N: 871) [C:(3,1,2,0) E:(1,0,1,1)]
[From( 58),do B.] 131: (G:5) (N: 710) [C:(2,1,0,3) E:(1,1,0,1)]
[From( 60),do B.] 132: (G:5) (N: 83) [C:(3,0,1,2) E:(1,0,0,0)]
[From( 63),do B.] 133: (G:5) (N: 940) [C:(0,3,2,1) E:(0,1,1,1)]
[From( 65),do B.] 134: (G:5) (N: 313) [C:(1,2,3,0) E:(0,0,1,0)]
[From( 67),do R.] 135: (G:5) (N: 141) [C:(1,3,0,2) E:(0,1,0,0)]
[From( 67),do L.] 136: (G:5) (N: 562) [C:(2,0,3,1) E:(0,0,0,1)]
[From( 69),do F.] 137: (G:5) (N: 295) [C:(3,1,2,0) E:(0,0,1,0)]
[From( 69),do B.] 138: (G:5) (N: 77) [C:(1,3,0,2) E:(1,0,0,0)]
[From( 70),do F.] 139: (G:5) (N: 946) [C:(2,0,3,1) E:(0,1,1,1)]
[From( 70),do B.] 140: (G:5) (N: 728) [C:(0,2,1,3) E:(1,1,0,1)]
[From( 71),do R.] 141: (G:5) (N: 75) [C:(3,2,0,1) E:(1,0,0,0)]
[From( 72),do F.] 142: (G:5) (N: 88) [C:(0,2,1,3) E:(1,0,0,0)]
[From( 72),do B.] 143: (G:5) (N: 306) [C:(2,0,3,1) E:(0,0,1,0)]
[From( 73),do F.] 144: (G:5) (N: 717) [C:(1,3,0,2) E:(1,1,0,1)]
[From( 73),do B.] 145: (G:5) (N: 935) [C:(3,1,2,0) E:(0,1,1,1)]
[From( 74),do F.] 146: (G:5) (N: 909) [C:(1,3,0,2) E:(0,1,1,1)]
[From( 74),do B.] 147: (G:5) (N: 743) [C:(3,1,2,0) E:(1,1,0,1)]
[From( 75),do F.] 148: (G:5) (N: 280) [C:(0,2,1,3) E:(0,0,1,0)]
[From( 75),do B.] 149: (G:5) (N: 114) [C:(2,0,3,1) E:(1,0,0,0)]
[From( 77),do F.] 150: (G:5) (N: 754) [C:(2,0,3,1) E:(1,1,0,1)]
[From( 77),do B.] 151: (G:5) (N: 920) [C:(0,2,1,3) E:(0,1,1,1)]
[From( 78),do F.] 152: (G:5) (N: 103) [C:(3,1,2,0) E:(1,0,0,0)]
[From( 78),do B.] 153: (G:5) (N: 269) [C:(1,3,0,2) E:(0,0,1,0)]
[From( 79),do B.] 154: (G:5) (N: 536) [C:(0,2,1,3) E:(0,0,0,1)]
[From( 81),do B.] 155: (G:5) (N: 167) [C:(3,1,2,0) E:(0,1,0,0)]
[From( 85),do R.] 156: (G:5) (N: 286) [C:(2,3,1,0) E:(0,0,1,0)]
min=157, max=187, New Generation=31
[From( 93),do F.] 157: (G:6) (N: 49) [C:(1,0,3,2) E:(0,0,0,0)]
[From( 93),do B.] 158: (G:6) (N: 356) [C:(0,1,2,3) E:(1,0,1,0)]
[From( 94),do B.] 159: (G:6) (N: 246) [C:(2,1,3,0) E:(1,1,0,0)]
[From( 96),do B.] 160: (G:6) (N: 604) [C:(0,3,1,2) E:(1,0,0,1)]
[From( 99),do B.] 161: (G:6) (N: 419) [C:(3,0,2,1) E:(0,1,1,0)]
[From(101),do B.] 162: (G:6) (N: 777) [C:(1,2,0,3) E:(0,0,1,1)]
[From(103),do R.] 163: (G:6) (N: 689) [C:(1,0,3,2) E:(0,1,0,1)]
[From(103),do L.] 164: (G:6) (N: 14) [C:(2,3,0,1) E:(0,0,0,0)]
[From(105),do F.] 165: (G:6) (N: 804) [C:(0,1,2,3) E:(0,0,1,1)]
[From(105),do B.] 166: (G:6) (N: 625) [C:(1,0,3,2) E:(1,0,0,1)]
[From(106),do F.] 167: (G:6) (N: 398) [C:(2,3,0,1) E:(0,1,1,0)]
[From(106),do B.] 168: (G:6) (N: 219) [C:(3,2,1,0) E:(1,1,0,0)]
[From(107),do R.] 169: (G:6) (N: 632) [C:(0,2,3,1) E:(1,0,0,1)]
[From(108),do F.] 170: (G:6) (N: 603) [C:(3,2,1,0) E:(1,0,0,1)]
[From(108),do B.] 171: (G:6) (N: 782) [C:(2,3,0,1) E:(0,0,1,1)]
[From(109),do F.] 172: (G:6) (N: 241) [C:(1,0,3,2) E:(1,1,0,0)]
[From(109),do B.] 173: (G:6) (N: 420) [C:(0,1,2,3) E:(0,1,1,0)]
[From(110),do F.] 174: (G:6) (N: 433) [C:(1,0,3,2) E:(0,1,1,0)]
[From(110),do B.] 175: (G:6) (N: 228) [C:(0,1,2,3) E:(1,1,0,0)]
[From(111),do F.] 176: (G:6) (N: 795) [C:(3,2,1,0) E:(0,0,1,1)]
[From(111),do B.] 177: (G:6) (N: 590) [C:(2,3,0,1) E:(1,0,0,1)]
[From(113),do F.] 178: (G:6) (N: 206) [C:(2,3,0,1) E:(1,1,0,0)]
[From(113),do B.] 179: (G:6) (N: 411) [C:(3,2,1,0) E:(0,1,1,0)]
[From(114),do F.] 180: (G:6) (N: 612) [C:(0,1,2,3) E:(1,0,0,1)]
[From(114),do B.] 181: (G:6) (N: 817) [C:(1,0,3,2) E:(0,0,1,1)]
[From(115),do B.] 182: (G:6) (N: 27) [C:(3,2,1,0) E:(0,0,0,0)]
[From(117),do B.] 183: (G:6) (N: 676) [C:(0,1,2,3) E:(0,1,0,1)]
[From(121),do R.] 184: (G:6) (N: 786) [C:(2,0,1,3) E:(0,0,1,1)]
[From(131),do R.] 185: (G:6) (N: 199) [C:(3,1,0,2) E:(1,1,0,0)]
[From(133),do R.] 186: (G:6) (N: 429) [C:(1,3,2,0) E:(0,1,1,0)]
[From(141),do F.] 187: (G:6) (N: 347) [C:(3,2,1,0) E:(1,0,1,0)]
min=188, max=191, New Generation=4
[From(159),do R.] 188: (G:7) (N: 756) [C:(0,1,3,2) E:(1,1,0,1)]
[From(161),do R.] 189: (G:7) (N: 929) [C:(1,0,2,3) E:(0,1,1,1)]
[From(169),do F.] 190: (G:7) (N: 856) [C:(0,2,1,3) E:(1,0,1,1)]
[From(185),do F.] 191: (G:7) (N: 487) [C:(3,1,2,0) E:(1,1,1,0)]
min=192, max=192, New Generation=1
[From(188),do F.] 192: (G:8) (N: 996) [C:(0,1,2,3) E:(1,1,1,1)]
注:这里简单给出了一个状态如何从父状态转换而来;并列出了代数G,也就是与初始状态间的最少步数;N这个数字请无视。
[ 本帖最后由 noski 于 2009-8-1 17:46 编辑 ] |